Photography, GEL-PRO

Photography’s history began long before we were snapping pictures on camera phones. Learn about the masters of the craft and explore the development of photographic technology as it progressed through daguerreotypes and tintypes on the way to modern day’s increasingly sophisticated digital cameras.
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Photography Encyclopedia Articles By Title

gelatin process
gelatin process, photographic process in which gelatin is used as the dispersing vehicle for the light-sensitive......
Gibson, Ralph
Ralph Gibson is an American photographer whose work reveals a fascination for geometric elements found in everyday......
Gill, Sir David
Sir David Gill was a Scottish astronomer known for his measurements of solar and stellar parallax, showing the......
Gilpin, Laura
Laura Gilpin was an American photographer noted for her images of the landscape and native peoples of the American......
Godowsky, Leopold, Jr.
Leopold Godowsky, Jr. was an American musician and photographic technician primarily known as a codeveloper of......
Goldin, Nan
Nan Goldin is an American photographer noted for visual narratives detailing her own world of addictive and sexual......
Goldsworthy, Andy
Andy Goldsworthy is a British sculptor, land artist, and photographer known for ephemeral works created outdoors......
Gonzalez-Torres, Felix
Felix Gonzalez-Torres was a Cuban-born American sculptor, photographer, and conceptual artist known for work in......
Groover, Jan
Jan Groover was an American photographer who experimented with space and illusion in large-format still-life tableaux......
Group f.64
Group f.64, loose association of California photographers who promoted a style of sharply detailed, purist photography.......
Gursky, Andreas
Andreas Gursky is a German photographer known for his monumental digitally manipulated photographs that examine......
Haas, Ernst
Ernst Haas was an Austrian-born photojournalist who was influential for his innovations in colour photography.......
Haskin, Byron
Byron Haskin was an American film and television director, cinematographer, and special-effects artist best known......
Heartfield, John
John Heartfield was a German artist best known for his agitprop photomontages—collages of text and imagery found......
Henri, Florence
Florence Henri was an American-born Swiss photographer and painter associated with the Bauhaus and best known for......
Herschel, Sir John, 1st Baronet
Sir John Herschel, 1st Baronet was an English astronomer and successor to his father, Sir William Herschel, in......
Hine, Lewis
Lewis Hine was an American photographer who used his art to bring social ills to public attention. Hine was trained......
Hockney, David
David Hockney is an English painter, draftsman, printmaker, photographer, and stage designer whose works are characterized......
holography
holography, means of creating a unique photographic image without the use of a lens. The photographic recording......
Holt, Nancy
Nancy Holt was an American land artist known for her large site-specific works and her role in the development......
Hopkinson, Sir Thomas
Sir Thomas Hopkinson was a British editor and a leader in the development of photojournalism. Hopkinson was a freelance......
Horn, Roni
Roni Horn American conceptual sculptor, installation artist, draftsman, and photographer well known for her Iceland-based......
Howe, James Wong
James Wong Howe was one of the greatest cinematographers of the American film industry, known for his innovative......
Höch, Hannah
Hannah Höch was a German artist, the only woman associated with the Berlin Dada group, known for her provocative......
Ives, Frederic Eugene
Frederic Eugene Ives was an American photographer and inventor. As a boy, Ives was apprenticed to a printer at......
Jaar, Alfredo
Alfredo Jaar is a Chilean-born conceptual artist whose work probes the relationship between the First World and......
Jackson, William Henry
William Henry Jackson was an American photographer and artist whose landscape photographs of the American West......
Jacobi, Lotte
Lotte Jacobi was a German-American photographer noted for her portraits of famous figures. Born into a family of......
Jeu de Paume
Jeu de Paume, museum in Paris devoted to photography, cinema, video, online work, and other forms of art from the......
Kapteyn, Jacobus Cornelius
Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn was a Dutch astronomer who used photography and statistical methods in determining the......
Karsh, Yousuf
Yousuf Karsh was an Armenian Canadian photographer known for his portraits of important and famous men and women......
Kepes, Gyorgy
Gyorgy Kepes was a Hungarian-born American painter, designer, photographer, teacher, and writer who had considerable......
Kertész, André
André Kertész was a Hungarian-born American photographer known for his lyrical and formally rigorous pictures of......
Kinetograph
Kinetograph, camera used to take a series of photographs of people or objects in motion, often considered to be......
Kinetoscope
Kinetoscope, forerunner of the motion-picture film projector, invented by Thomas A. Edison and William Dickson......
Kodak camera
Kodak camera, the first camera that was simple and portable enough to be used by large numbers of amateur photographers.......
Koudelka, Josef
Josef Koudelka is a Czech-born French photographer known best for his black-and-white images of Europe’s itinerant......
Kruger, Barbara
Barbara Kruger is an American artist who challenged cultural assumptions by manipulating images and text in her......
Käsebier, Gertrude
Gertrude Käsebier was an American portrait photographer who was one of the founders of the influential Photo-Secession......
Land, Edwin Herbert
Edwin Herbert Land was an American inventor and physicist whose one-step process for developing and printing photographs......
Lange, Dorothea
Dorothea Lange was an American documentary photographer whose portraits of displaced farmers during the Great Depression......
Lartigue, Jacques-Henri
Jacques-Henri Lartigue was a French photographer and painter noted for the spontaneous joyful photographs he took,......
latent image
latent image, in photography, the invisible configuration of silver halide crystals on a piece of film after exposure......
Le Gray, Gustave
Gustave Le Gray was a French artist noted for his promotion and aesthetic handling of the paper negative in France.......
Leibovitz, Annie
Annie Leibovitz is an American photographer renowned for her dramatic, quirky, and iconic portraits of a great......
Levine, Sherrie
Sherrie Levine is an American conceptual artist known for remaking famous 20th-century works of art either through......
Levitt, Helen
Helen Levitt was an American street photographer and filmmaker whose work captures the bustle, squalor, and beauty......
Linked Ring
Linked Ring, association of English photographers formed in 1892 that was one of the first groups to promote the......
list of photographers
This is a list of photographers organized alphabetically by country of birth or residence. (See also history of...
list of women photographers
The following is an alphabetically ordered list of women who made significant contributions to...
Lorant, Stefan
Stefan Lorant was a Hungarian-born American editor, author, and pioneer in photojournalism who is also well known......
Maar, Dora
Dora Maar was a French photographer and Surrealist artist whose career and accomplishments were overshadowed during......
Maier, Vivian
Vivian Maier was an American amateur street photographer who lived her life in obscurity as a nanny and caregiver......
Man Ray
Man Ray was a photographer, painter, and filmmaker who was the only American to play a major role in both the Dada......
Mann, Sally
Sally Mann is an American photographer whose powerful images of childhood, sexuality, and death are often deemed......
Mapplethorpe, Robert
Robert Mapplethorpe was an American photographer who was noted for austere photographs of flowers, celebrities,......
Marey, Étienne-Jules
Étienne-Jules Marey was a French physiologist who invented the sphygmograph, an instrument for recording graphically......
Margolies, John
John Margolies was an American architectural critic, author, and photographer who, from 1969 to 2008, traveled......
Mark, Mary Ellen
Mary Ellen Mark was an American photojournalist whose compelling empathetic images, mostly in black and white,......
Matter, Herbert
Herbert Matter was a Swiss-born American photographer and graphic designer known for his pioneering use of photomontage......
McCartney, Linda
Linda McCartney was an American photographer and musician who was widely known for her marriage to musician Paul......
Meatyard, Ralph Eugene
Ralph Eugene Meatyard was an American photographer and optician known for his photographs in which family members......
Michals, Duane
Duane Michals is an American photographer noted for his sequential images, which often deal with myths and mysteries......
Miller, Lee
Lee Miller was an American photographer, Surrealist artist, and model who might have been known primarily as the......
Model, Lisette
Lisette Model was a photographer and teacher known for her unconventional street images and ruthlessly candid portraits.......
Modotti, Tina
Tina Modotti was a photographer who was noted for her symbolic close-ups and images of Mexican workers. Modotti......
Moholy, Lucia
Lucia Moholy was a Bohemian-born British photographer, teacher, and writer best known for her documentary photographs......
Moholy-Nagy, László
László Moholy-Nagy was a Hungarian-born American painter, sculptor, photographer, designer, theorist, and art teacher,......
Morimura Yasumasa
Morimura Yasumasa is a Japanese artist known for his large-scale self-portraits that are often superimposed on......
Morris, Wright
Wright Morris was an American novelist, short-story writer, essayist, and photographer who often wrote about the......
motion-picture camera
motion-picture camera, any of various complex photographic cameras that are designed to record a succession of......
mug shot
mug shot, photographic image taken by law enforcement officials during the booking process to be used to identify......
Muholi, Zanele
Zanele Muholi identifies as a visual activist—rather than an artist—and is nonbinary, using they/them pronouns.......
Muluneh, Aïda
Aïda Muluneh is an Ethiopian photographer, educator, and entrepreneur known for her Afrofuturist photography that......
Muybridge, Eadweard
Eadweard Muybridge was an English photographer important for his pioneering work in photographic studies of motion......
Nachtwey, James
James Nachtwey is an American photojournalist noted for his unflinching and moving images of wars, conflicts, and......
Nadar
Nadar was a French writer, caricaturist, and photographer who is remembered primarily for his photographic portraits,......
Nauman, Bruce
Bruce Nauman is an American artist whose work in a broad range of mediums made him a major figure in conceptual......
NEC Corporation
NEC Corporation, major Japanese multinational corporation, producer of telecommunications equipment and related......
negative
negative, photographic image that reproduces the bright portions of the photographed subject as dark and the dark......
Neshat, Shirin
Shirin Neshat is an Iranian-born American artist whose photography, video, and feature films investigate how women......
Newhall, Beaumont
Beaumont Newhall was an American photography historian, writer, and curator known for founding, and serving as......
Newhall, Nancy
Nancy Newhall was an American photography critic, conservationist, and editor who was an important contributor......
Newman, Arnold
Arnold Newman was an American photographer, who specialized in portraits of well-known people posed in settings......
Niépce, Nicéphore
Nicéphore Niépce was a French inventor who was the first to make a permanent photographic image. The son of a wealthy......
Nykvist, Sven
Sven Nykvist was a Swedish cinematographer best known for his subtle, luminous camera work in the films of Ingmar......
Nègre, Charles
Charles Nègre was a French painter and photographer best known for his photographs of Paris street scenes and architectural......
Orkin, Ruth
Ruth Orkin was an American photographer and filmmaker known for her explorations of contemporary urban life. Her......
O’Sullivan, Timothy
Timothy O’Sullivan was an American photographer best known for his Civil War subjects and his landscapes of the......
paparazzi
paparazzi, freelance photographers who specialize in capturing candid photos of celebrities for media outlets.......
Parks, Gordon
Gordon Parks was an American author, photographer, and film director who documented African American life. The......
Penn, Irving
Irving Penn was an American photographer noted for his sophisticated fashion images and incisive portraits. Penn,......
Photo League
Photo League, organization of New York City photographers devoted to documenting life in the city’s working-class......
Photo-Secession
Photo-Secession, the first influential group of American photographers that worked to have photography accepted......
photomicrography
photomicrography, photography of objects under a microscope. Such opaque objects as metal and stone may be ground......
Polaroid Corporation
Polaroid Corporation, American manufacturer of cameras, film, and optical equipment founded by Edwin Herbert Land......
Porter, Eliot
Eliot Porter was an American photographer noted for his detailed and exquisite colour images of birds and landscapes.......
projection screen
projection screen, surface on which the image from an optical projector is shown. Many materials are suitable for......

Photography Encyclopedia Articles By Title